也许你听过VC,也许你也听过PE,但他们的真正定义是什么呢?我们先来谈谈马来西亚SC(Securities Commission Malaysia) 对他们的定义。
VC的全名是Venture Capital(创业投资),而PE是指Private Equity(私募基金)。这两者都是为了投资在创业公司而成立的组织单位。而这些单位,SC也定义了4种不同名称,包括VCC(Venture Capital Corporation)、VCMC(Venture Capital Management Corporation)、PEC(Private equity Corporation)和PEMC(Private Equity Management Corporation)。
VCC、VCMC这两者,是指投资单位在管理资金的过程中,以种子资金、创业融资、早期融资和回教创业投资为其主要目的的单位。而PEC、PEMC则是以管理和投资在公司的中长期目标,或者以成长、生意的进阶或并购企业为主的投资单位。
简单来说,VCC/VCMC是管理和投以在创业初期或早期的公司,而PEC/PEMC则是以成长型,甚至更大的企业为期投资方向。

因此,针对VCC/VCMC和PEC/PEMC的基本资金要求,也不一样。 SC要求,VCC/VCMC至少需要RM 100,000的基本资金,而PEC/PEMC则至少须要RM 500,000的资金。
同时SC也规范了他们的投资活动:

VCC/VCMC可以投资在所有非上市的公司,而上市的公司投资额,则不能超过20%。 PEC/PEMC则上市或非上市的公司皆可投资,没有额度限制。 VCC/PEC 是投资人把资金投入的公司或单位组织,而VCMC/PEMC则是管理VCC/PEC资金的公司或单位组织。意即真正在市场中进行㝷找创业或企业,并投资或并购的单位组织为后者。
目前在大马的SC中,有39家Venture Capital Corporation(VCC),名单如下:
- Al Mawarid Equity Sdn Bhd
- Arris Venture Sdn Bhd
- Attacca Retail Ventures Sdn Bhd
- Axiata Digital Innovation Fund Sdn Bhd
- Banyan Venture One Sdn Bhd
- Bumiputera and Technology Venture Capital Sdn Bhd
- Continuum Capital Sdn Bhd 8. Continuum Capital II LP
- E & E Catalyst Sdn Bhd
- Fidelity Funding Sdn Bhd
- General & Global Equities Sdn Bhd
- Good For Business Sdn Bhd
- Inertia AIF Sdn Bhd
- Ingenious Growth Fund Berhad
- iSpring Capital Sdn Bhd
- Istismar Capital Sdn Bhd
- Japan Asia Investment Co. Ltd
- Malaysian Life Science Capital Fund II, LP
- Malaysian Technology Venture Two (Agriculture) Sdn Bhd
- Mavcap Biotech Sdn Bhd
- Mavcap ICT Sdn Bhd
- Maybank Agro Fund Sdn Bhd (formerly known as Jaringan Gagasan Sdn. Bhd.)
- MGF Series 1 Sdn Bhd
- Mindhub Pegasus Sdn Bhd
- Musharaka Tech Venture Sdn Bhd
- MyCreative Venture Sdn Bhd
- Netval Ventures Sdn Bhd
- NewGen Ventures Sdn Bhd (formerly known as NewGen Ventures Berhad)
- OSK Technology Ventures Sdn Bhd
- OSK Venture Equities Sdn Bhd
- QMA Capital Sdn Bhd
- Renong Ventures Sdn Bhd
- S.B. Venture Capital Corporation Sdn Bhd
- Singularity Ventures Sdn Bhd
- Soligress Portfolio Sdn Bhd
- Spring Hill Bioventures Sdn Bhd
- Teak Ventures Sdn Bhd
- Trans Econ Venture Sdn Bhd
- VF Capital Sdn Bhd
而Venture Capital Management Corporation(VCMC)则有65家,其名单如下:
- 1337 Ventures Sdn Bhd
- 3P Infra Managers Sdn Bhd
- 5M Investment Holding Ltd
- 5 Pillars Ventures Sdn Bhd
- Academia Capital Sdn Bhd
- Amanie Capital Sdn Bhd
- ACE Capital Management Sdn Bhd
- AIMBN Holdings (M) Sdn Bhd
- Arris Venture Management Sdn Bhd
- Artem Ventures Sdn Bhd
- AIPO Capital LLP
- ACP Advisory Sdn Bhd (formerly known as Asia Agronomy Capital Advisory Sdn Bhd)
- ASV Group Capital Berhad (formerly known as MGIP Capital Berhad)
- Attacca Capital Sdn Bhd
- Banyan Ventures Sdn Bhd
- BTV Management Sdn Bhd
- CIMB Private Equity Advisors Sdn Bhd
- Cradle Seed Ventures Management Pte Ltd
- Crescent Equity Management Sdn. Bhd.
- Expedient Equity Two Sdn Bhd
- Ficus Venture Capital Sdn Bhd
- Firstfloor Capital Sdn Bhd
- Firstfloor Capital CC II Ltd
- Glenhill Capital Sdn Bhd
- Goldis Capital Sdn Bhd
- Infinity Capital Management Sdn Bhd
- Ingenious Haus Sdn Bhd
- Intelligent Capital Sdn Bhd
- Intrasys Sdn Bhd
- Intres Capital Partners Sdn Bhd
- Inventures PLT (formerly known as Liberal Track Sdn Bhd)
- iSpring Venture Management Sdn Bhd
- Kenanga Private Equity Sdn Bhd
- Kumpulan Modal Perdana Sdn Bhd
- LS Asia VC Sdn Bhd
- Malaysia Venture Capital Management Bhd
- Malaysian Technology Development Corporation Sdn Bhd
- MIDF Amanah Ventures Sdn Bhd (formerly knowns as Amanah Ventures Sdn Bhd)
- Mindhub Capital Sdn. Bhd.
- MLSCF Management (Labuan), LLP
- Monk’s Hill Ventures (M) Sdn Bhd
- Muamalat Venture Sdn Bhd
- Musharaka Venture Management Sdn. Bhd.
- Netrove Partners Sdn. Bhd.
- Netval Management Sdn Bhd
- NewGen Capital Managers Sdn Bhd
- NEXEA Angels Sdn Bhd
- NTech Capital Management Sdn Bhd
- Nuetree Capital Sdn. Bhd.
- Pembangunan Ekuiti Sdn. Bhd. (formerly known as BPMB-NIF Modal Teroka Sdn BhD.)
- Photonics Venture Capital Sdn. Bhd.
- Pixel Play Ventures Sdn Bhd
- Proventeus Capital Sdn Bhd
- Questmark Capital Management Sdn. Bhd. (formerly known as Questmark Asset Management Sdn. Bhd.)
- RHL Ventures Sdn Bhd
- Shihab Capital Sdn Bhd
- Sun SEA Capital Sdn Bhd
- TBV Capital Sdn Bhd (formerly known as TinkBig Venture Sdn Bhd)
- Teak Capital Sdn. Bhd.
- Tech And Bio Incubator Sdn Bhd
- Two Bit VC Sdn Bhd
- Vida Managers Sdn. Bhd.
- Vida Partners Sdn. Bhd.
- V V P Advisors (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
- Xeraya Capital Sdn Bhd
Private Equity Corporation(PEC)SC的名单中只有一家:
最后,共有 12家Private Equity Management Corporation(PEMC):
- Bintang Capital Partners Berhad
- COPE Private Equity Sdn Bhd
- DWA Private Equity Sdn Bhd
- Kairous Capital Sdn Bhd
- Maybank Private Equity Sdn Bhd (formerly known as Maybank Ventures Sdn Bhd)
- MST Private Equity Sdn Bhd
- RMCP (Cayman) Ltd
- Senturia Capital Sdn Bhd (formerly known as Grorich Capital Sdn Bhd)
- Steve & Co Capital Sdn Bhd
- Warisan Quantum Management Sdn Bhd
- Widuri Capital Management Sdn Bhd
- Zulu Capital Sdn Bhd
从以上的名单来看,大部份的VCC/VCMC和PEC/PEMC都不太活跃于创新创业的产业或市场中,由此可见,大马的VC还没有准备好对Startup的投资。这也是为什么在2016年,SC会开始规划并发出Equity Crowdfunding的执照,以让初期/早期的创业公司,有机会融资而得以发展。
我们下一期将为大家分享更多的融资方式。